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癌症复发。癌症幸存者有癌症复发的风险。有些癌症比其他癌症更容易复发。请咨询医生如何降低癌症复发的风险。治疗后，医生可能会为您设计一份随访护理计划。该计划可能包括在治疗后的几个月和几年里定期进行扫描和检查，以寻找癌症复发的迹象。
Some alternative treatment plans happen to be investigated and shown to get ineffective but nonetheless continue for being marketed and promoted. Cancer researcher Andrew J. Vickers mentioned, "The label 'unproven' is inappropriate for this sort of therapies; it is time to assert that lots of substitute most cancers therapies have been 'disproven'."[204]
Western conceptions of clients' legal rights for people with cancer consist of a responsibility to totally disclose the health-related problem to the individual, and the right to have interaction in shared final decision-earning in a method that respects the person's have values. In other cultures, other legal rights and values are desired. By way of example, most African cultures value total people as opposed to individualism. In areas of Africa, a diagnosis is usually designed so late that heal is impossible, and cure, if offered in any respect, would rapidly bankrupt the spouse and children. Due to these components, African Health care companies usually Enable relations make your mind up no matter whether, when And just how to disclose the prognosis, and they tend to do so bit by bit and circuitously, as the person demonstrates desire and an capacity to cope Along with the grim news.
您周围的环境可能含有会导致患癌风险增加的有害化学物质。即使您不吸烟，但如果您前往有人吸烟的地方或是与吸烟者同住，您也可能会吸入二手烟。家里或工作场所的化学物质（如石棉和苯）也会增加患癌的风险。
從正常組織到腫瘤組織的形態變化 癌組織在顯微鏡下具有鮮明的外觀，主要是有大量分裂中的細胞、變大的細胞核、細胞大小與形狀改變、失去細胞特化的特徵、失去正常組織結構和細胞間的邊界變的不明顯。免疫組織化學染色法和其他分子生物學標記方法可根據腫瘤細胞的特徵提早發現腫瘤，而有助於診斷和預後。
The impacted genes are divided into two broad groups. Oncogenes are genes that advertise mobile advancement and copy. Tumor suppressor genes are genes that inhibit cell division and survival. Malignant transformation can happen in the formation of novel oncogenes, the inappropriate above-expression of regular oncogenes, or with the beneath-expression or disabling of tumor suppressor genes.
This is based on the blamers' perception that the planet is essentially just and so any hazardous sickness, like cancer, should be a sort of punishment for undesirable selections, for the reason that in a very just entire world, lousy matters would 癌症 not materialize to very good people.[246]
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Some forms of cancer are named for the size and condition with the cells under a microscope, which include giant mobile carcinoma, spindle mobile carcinoma and smaller-cell carcinoma.
Cancers comprise a big relatives of conditions that entail abnormal cell expansion Along with the probable to invade or spread to other aspects of the human body.
第四步——原位癌，受影响的细胞在生长和外观上变得更加不正常。如果肿瘤尚未 突破组织之间的任何界限，则称为原位癌。这种肿瘤可能会无限期地存在；然而， 一些细胞最终可能获得额外的突变（蓝色）。
Signs of cancer metastasis depend on The situation with the tumor. When cancer starts, it generates no signs and symptoms. Indications and symptoms seem as being the mass grows or ulcerates.
The conclusions that end result count on cancer's form and location. Couple signs or symptoms are certain. Quite a few routinely take place in individuals who produce other situations. Cancer is usually challenging to diagnose and will be deemed a "good imitator".[33]